What Degree Do You Need to Be a Social Worker?

Starting a career in social work means choosing an educational path that aligns with the kind of work you want to do. Some roles focus on supporting individuals and families through direct service, while others center around policy, research, or clinical practice. Each degree level offers a different set of opportunities, along with different responsibilities. The path depends on the type of social work you want to pursue, but education is always the foundation.

A Bachelor of Social Work (BSW) is often the first step. This degree prepares you for entry-level roles in community organizations, schools, healthcare settings, and government agencies. With a BSW, you can work as a case manager, family support worker, residential counselor, or similar positions that focus on connecting people with services and support.

BSW programs typically include both classroom learning and supervised field placement. Coursework often covers topics like social welfare policy, human behavior across the lifespan, and basic counseling techniques. Many students graduate ready to make an impact in direct service roles.

Importantly, a BSW also puts you on a faster track to graduate-level study. If you continue on to a Master of Social Work (MSW), having a BSW may qualify you for advanced standing, allowing you to complete your MSW in about one year instead of two.

If you're aiming for clinical roles or leadership positions in the field, a Master of Social Work (MSW) is required. An MSW prepares you to work in more specialized settings such as mental health clinics, hospitals, schools, and private practice.

With an MSW, you can:

• Pursue licensure as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW)
• Provide therapy or counseling services
• Supervise other social workers
• Work in research, policy, or program development

Most MSW programs include in-depth coursework in clinical practice, diagnosis, research methods, and ethics, along with two field placements.

If you’re planning to become a clinical social worker, you'll also need to pass the ASWB Clinical Exam after earning your MSW and completing supervised clinical hours. AATBS offers exam prep materials specifically designed to help social workers prepare for the ASWB exam and move confidently toward licensure.

While not required for most roles, some social workers choose to pursue a doctoral degree. A Doctor of Social Work (DSW) is often focused on advanced practice or leadership. A PhD in Social Work usually emphasizes research and teaching.

If you plan to become a university professor, publish research, or lead large organizations, a doctorate may be worth considering. For most social work professionals, however, a BSW or MSW provides more than enough preparation to make a meaningful difference.

In short:

• A BSW prepares you for generalist roles and community-based work
• An MSW is required for clinical licensure and advanced practice
• A DSW or PhD is ideal for leadership, academia, or research

The good news is that there are clear pathways at every level, and each step brings you closer to a rewarding, purpose-driven career. If you're planning to pursue licensure, make sure to explore AATBS’s ASWB exam prep to support your journey from classroom to clinical practice.